Which type of pressure is typically associated with stack effect?

The concept of stack effect refers to the phenomenon where warm air rises and creates a pressure difference within a building. As air is heated, it becomes less dense and ascends, leading to a buildup of pressure at the top of a structure. This upward movement of warm air creates a corresponding effect at the lower levels of the building, often resulting in negative pressure in those areas as the warmer air exits from the top.

This negative pressure at lower levels can lead to the influx of cooler air from outside the building, as the building seeks to equalize the pressure differences created by the rising warm air. This process is particularly noticeable in taller buildings, where the height amplifies the stack effect, making it a significant influence on air movement, indoor comfort, and energy efficiency.

Understanding this principle is crucial for managing indoor air quality and ensuring proper ventilation in multifamily buildings. Because stack effect leads to a net loss of conditioned air if not managed, it becomes important to address potential air leaks and implement energy-efficient building strategies to mitigate its effects.