Which of the following contributes to energy losses in a building?

Energy losses in a building result from various factors, and each of the identified contributors plays a significant role in the efficiency of energy use within a structure.

Insulation quality is critical because it determines how well a building retains heat in the winter and keeps it cool in the summer. Poor-quality insulation can lead to significant heat loss or gain, requiring more energy for heating or cooling.

Air leaks are another major contributor to energy inefficiency. When unconditioned air enters a building and conditioned air escapes through gaps, cracks, or openings, it creates drafts and causes heating and cooling systems to work harder to maintain comfortable indoor temperatures. This can lead to elevated energy bills and discomfort for occupants.

Window performance also impacts energy efficiency. Windows that are not properly sealed or lack adequate thermal performance can lead to substantial heat loss in colder months and increased heat gain during warmer months. High-performance windows can help mitigate these losses.

Overall, all three factors—insulation quality, air leaks, and window performance—combine to influence a building's energy efficiency, making the comprehensive answer that all of these contribute to energy losses entirely accurate. Recognizing each element's impact is essential for effective energy management in buildings.